Logic Gates Combinations and flip-flops
This is the part of logic elements guide. To see Logic Gates guide, go at this page.
In electronics, a flip-flop or latch is a circuit that has two stable states and can be used to store state information. This guide unites logic gates combinations - from NAND to JK master-slave. It is mostly made by JustPlaying.
Logic Gates are usually combined with a NOT Gate - to improve usability of the certain gate. NOT gate just invertes the final signal coming from the Gate. Here are the combinations -
- AND + NOT = NAND
- OR + NOT = NOR
- XOR + NOT = XNOR
T flip-flop
T flip-flop changes the ouput giving "1" after every button press. It can be used in many adventure maps.
JK flip-flop
JK flip-flop behaves like normal SR Latch, untill both inputs (J and K, Set and Reset) are ON. Then it will negate the state it has in memory. So if the last state was "1" when both inputs are ON the output will be 0 and vice versa. JK flip-flop (unlike SR Latch) is made just with clock input connected. Again, the flip-flop will "read" the states on its inputs just with the rising edge in the clock input.
JK Master-Slave
JK master-slave is made from two JK flip-flops. JK master-slave has two inputs - J and K on the first JK flip flop (called master). JK master-slave has one output - on the second JK flip-flop (called slave).
Normal JK flip-flop (with clock connected) will "read" the signals on J and K only with rising edge of the signal on clock input. JK master-slave (unlike the normal) will "read" the signals on J and K only with rising edge of signal AND falling edge of signal on clock input (you need both - rising and falling edge - to "read" the signal on input J and K).
Maybe it's too hard to understand, here are pics with the step numbers - (you should know that the input is the switch on the left side, clock is the switch in the hole)
Under the first SR Latch should be also AND gate, but it doesn't seem to be necessary.
SR Latch
This is the gate with S and R on it, it is also the first (and only) flip-flop added into the game.
- It has 3 inputs
Set input (S) Reset input (R) And Clock input (^)
Since this gates has many features I shall cut it up a bit.
The Set Input (S)
Where is the set input? It is at the side where the S is at.
What does it do? It sets a signal to be stored in its memory and it will give off that stored signal
What if I turn off the set input? Nothing will happen. Since the signal is stored in its memory, it will still give off a signal
The reset input (R)
Is there any way to remove the stored signal? Yes. Turn on the Reset Input.
Where is the Reset Input? Over where the R is.
What about the clock input? You see. The clock input makes the SRLatch recieve the signals (on Set and Reset) just with the rising edge of signal on the clock input. "Rising edge" means change 0 -> 1.
What? The clock input will stop any signal of set and reset unless it senses a signal.
D latch
D latch may be considered like a one-input synchrounous SR Latch D latch's function looks similar to T flip-flop's - it also has two outputs, one input and it also changes the output (with "1"). But they are different, just look at detailed description -
- the T flip-flop changes the output (with "1") after every rising edge on the input (good to use button there - it generates rising edge of signal with every press).
- the D latch changes the output (with "1") due to the state on input. Where there is "0", the first output will be also "0" and the second will be "1". Where there is "1" at the input, the first will be also "1" and the second will be "0"
Here are some pics for better understanding -
("Input" is the upper switch. The switch under it is clock input (it does the same as all clock inputs))
